Ubuhinde bwohereza ibicuruzwa byinshi mu buhinzi byahoze ari igikoresho gikomeye ku Buhinde mu kuvunjisha.Muri uyu mwaka, bitewe n’imiterere mpuzamahanga, ibikomoka ku buhinzi mu Buhinde bifite ibibazo byinshi haba mu musaruro w’imbere mu gihugu no kohereza ibicuruzwa hanze.Ukomeje kohereza ibicuruzwa hanze mubuhinzi kubwinshi kugirango urinde amadovize?Cyangwa guha politiki abantu basanzwe bafite abahinzi nkurwego nyamukuru rwo guharanira imibereho yabaturage?Birakwiye gupimwa kenshi na leta y'Ubuhinde.

Ubuhinde nigihugu kinini cyubuhinzi muri Aziya, kandi ubuhinzi bwagiye bugira uruhare runini mubukungu bwigihugu.Mu myaka 40 ishize, Ubuhinde bwateje imbere cyane inganda nkinganda n’ikoranabuhanga mu itumanaho, ariko muri iki gihe, abaturage bagera ku 80% mu Buhinde baracyashingira ku buhinzi, kandi umusaruro ukomoka ku buhinzi ukomoka kuri 30% urenga agaciro k'imbere mu gihugu.Twashobora kuvuga ko umuvuduko w’ubuhinzi ahanini ugena umuvuduko w’ubukungu bw’igihugu cy’Ubuhinde.

Ubuhinde bufite ubuso bunini bwo guhingwa muri Aziya, hamwe na hegitari miliyoni 143.Duhereye kuri aya makuru, Ubuhinde bushobora kwitwa igihugu kinini cy’ubuhinzi.Ubuhinde nabwo bwohereza ibicuruzwa byinshi mu buhinzi.Ingano yoherezwa mu mahanga ingano yonyine ni toni miliyoni 2.Umubare w’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga by’ibindi bicuruzwa by’ubuhinzi, nk'ibishyimbo, cumin, ginger, na pisine, na byo biza ku mwanya wa mbere ku isi.

Kwohereza ibicuruzwa byinshi mu buhinzi byahoze ari igikoresho gikomeye ku Buhinde mu kuvunjisha.Muri uyu mwaka, kubera ibibazo mpuzamahanga, ibicuruzwa by’ubuhinzi mu Buhinde bifite ibibazo byinshi haba mu bicuruzwa biva mu gihugu ndetse no kohereza ibicuruzwa hanze.Politiki yambere yo "kugurisha kugurisha" nayo yazanye ibibazo byinshi mubukungu bwimbere mu gihugu, imibereho yabaturage nibindi.

Mu 2022, Uburusiya na Ukraine, nk’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga by’ibinyampeke ku isi, bizagerwaho n’amakimbirane, bigatuma igabanuka ry’ingano mu mahanga, kandi icyifuzo cy’ibyoherezwa mu ngano z’Ubuhinde nk’abasimbura ku isoko kiziyongera ku buryo bugaragara.Dukurikije ibivugwa mu bigo by’imbere mu Buhinde, Ubuhinde bwohereza mu mahanga ingano bugera kuri toni miliyoni 13 mu mwaka w’ingengo y’imari 2022/2023 (Mata 2022 kugeza Werurwe 2023).Ibi bintu bisa nkaho byazanye inyungu nyinshi ku isoko ry’ubuhinzi bwoherezwa mu mahanga mu Buhinde, ariko kandi byatumye ibiciro by’ibiribwa byinjira mu gihugu byiyongera.Muri Gicurasi uyu mwaka, guverinoma y'Ubuhinde yatangaje ko izadindiza ndetse ikanabuza kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga ku rugero runaka bitewe n’uko “umutekano w’ibiribwa”.Icyakora, amakuru yemewe yerekanaga ko Ubuhinde bwakomeje kohereza toni miliyoni 4.35 z'ingano mu mezi atanu ya mbere y'uyu mwaka w'ingengo y'imari (kuva muri Mata kugeza Kanama), bwiyongereyeho 116.7% ku mwaka.Ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga byoherezwa mu mahanga byiyongereye cyane, kandi ibiciro by’ibihingwa fatizo n’ibicuruzwa bitunganijwe ku isoko ry’imbere mu Buhinde, nk'ifu n’ingano, byazamutse cyane, bituma ifaranga rikabije.

Imiterere y'ibiryo by'Abahinde ahanini ni ingano, kandi igice gito cy'amafaranga yinjiza azakoreshwa ku biribwa bihendutse nk'imboga n'imbuto.Kubwibyo, mugihe izamuka ryibiciro byibiribwa, imibereho yabaturage isanzwe iragoye.Kugira ngo ibintu birusheho kuba bibi, kubera izamuka ry’imibereho, abahinzi bahisemo guhunika ku izamuka ry’ibiciro by’ibihingwa byabo.Mu Gushyingo, abayobozi b'ishyirahamwe ry'ipamba mu Buhinde bavuze ku mugaragaro ko imyaka y'ipamba y'igihembwe gishya yasaruwe, ariko abahinzi benshi bizeye ko ibiciro by'ibi bihingwa bizakomeza kwiyongera nka mbere, bityo bakaba badashaka kubigurisha.Iyi mitekerereze yo gukwirakwiza ibicuruzwa nta gushidikanya ko irushaho kwiyongera ku ifaranga ry’isoko ry’ibicuruzwa by’ubuhinzi mu Buhinde.

Ubuhinde bwashyizeho politiki ishingiye ku mubare munini w’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga, kandi byahindutse “inkota y'amaharakubiri” bigira ingaruka ku bukungu bw’Ubuhinde.Iki kibazo kiragaragara cyane murwego rwibibazo mpuzamahanga kandi bihindagurika muri uyu mwaka.Niba dukora iperereza kumpamvu zibyihishe inyuma, iki kibazo gifite aho gihuriye nukuri kwu Buhinde igihe kirekire.By'umwihariko, umusaruro w'ingano mu Buhinde ni “nini muri rusange na nto ku muntu”.Nubwo Ubuhinde bufite ubuso bunini bwo guhingwa ku isi, bufite abaturage benshi n’ubutaka buto bwo guhinga umuturage.Byongeye kandi, Ubuhinde bugezweho mu rwego rwo kuvugurura ubuhinzi mu gihugu usanga busubira inyuma, bukabura ibikoresho byo kuhira imyaka ndetse n’ibikorwa byo gukumira ibiza, gushingira cyane ku bakozi, no gushingira cyane ku bikoresho by’ubuhinzi, ifumbire n’imiti yica udukoko.Kubera iyo mpamvu, umusaruro w’ubuhinzi bw’Abahinde uzagerwaho cyane n’imvura hafi buri mwaka.Dukurikije imibare, Ubuhinde umusaruro w’ingano ku muntu ni kg 230 gusa, munsi y’ikigereranyo mpuzamahanga cya kg 400 kuri buri muntu.Muri ubu buryo, haracyari icyuho runaka hagati yUbuhinde nishusho y "igihugu kinini cyubuhinzi" mubitekerezo bisanzwe byabantu.

Vuba aha, Ubuhinde bw’ifaranga ry’imbere mu gihugu ryaragabanutse, gahunda y’amabanki yasubiye buhoro buhoro, kandi ubukungu bw’igihugu bwifashe neza.Ukomeje kohereza ibicuruzwa hanze mubuhinzi kubwinshi kugirango urinde amadovize?Cyangwa guha politiki abantu basanzwe bafite abahinzi nkurwego nyamukuru rwo guharanira imibereho yabaturage?Birakwiye gupimwa kenshi na leta y'Ubuhinde.